EMDR Treatment: How Rapid Eye Movements Can Help Trauma Recovery
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic approach that can be used to help individuals process and recover from traumatic experiences. It was developed by psychologist Dr. Francine Shapiro in the late 1980s after she discovered a decrease in her anxiety while moving her eyes from side to side.
While the exact mechanisms of EMDR are not completely understood, its beneficial effects are thought to be a result of bilateral stimulation. This bilateral stimulation is most commonly achieved through rapid eye movements, as well as other methods such as tapping or auditory cues. Because bilateral stimulation activates both hemispheres of the brain, it is thought to help the brain integrate and process fragmented memories into a more comprehensive narrative, thereby reducing feelings of distress.
EMDR treatment is typically provided by mental health professionals who have received specialized training in the technique. These professionals can include psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, licensed professional counselors, and licensed marriage and family therapists.
A session with a professional, such as an EMDR psychologist, may involve several phases, including an assessment, preparation, selection of a traumatic memory, desensitization, installation of positive beliefs, and a body scan. During the desensitization phase, the EMDR psychologist may guide the client's eye movements from side to side while the client recalls distressing memories or thoughts related to a traumatic event. Clients typically receive between 6 - 12 EMDR sessions.
The effectiveness of EMDR treatment in trauma recovery has been shown in numerous studies. Benefits of EMDR include:
Reduction of PTSD symptoms: EMDR has been shown to be an effective treatment for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It is recommended as a first-line treatment, on par with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT).
Rapid symptom relief: EMDR has been shown to have positive effects in a relatively short amount of time compared to other types of therapy.
Treatment of conditions other than trauma: Not only is EMDR beneficial in treating trauma, but it has also shown a positive effect on a variety of other conditions, such as addictions, eating disorders, mood disorders, and anxiety disorders.
Positive effects on self-esteem: EMDR may have positive effects on self-esteem and self-perception. By targeting and reprocessing negative beliefs associated with trauma, EMDR can help individuals develop more positive and adaptive self-perceptions.
For those considering EMDR therapy, it’s important to work with a trained professional who can evaluate whether EMDR is a safe treatment option, given an individual’s unique set of circumstances. While EMDR can be beneficial for a variety of populations, there are certain situations where it may not be appropriate, such as:
Individuals with severe psychiatric conditions, e.g., schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, particularly if not stabilized on a treatment.
Individuals with certain medical conditions, such as epilepsy or eye conditions.
Individuals experiencing issues with substance abuse or addiction.
Lack of motivation to actively participate in the therapeutic process
EMDR has proven to be a valuable therapeutic tool, using bilateral stimulation to activate both hemispheres of the brain and facilitate trauma recovery. Extensive research supports its effectiveness in reducing symptoms of PTSD and other mental health conditions in a relatively rapid manner. While EMDR holds promise in treating a variety of conditions, it’s important to work with a trained professional who can provide a safe experience. Ultimately, EMDR offers a transformative path to trauma healing under the guidance of trained professionals.
